Dec 22, 2012

Three major estimate types

Ba loại estimate chính:

- Sếp lớn: ROM (kém chính xác nhất, "bốc thuốc", ang áng tiền để có ý tưởng
- Project manager: top-down estimate (chính xác hơn một chút)
- Project manager + team (developers): bottom-up estimate (chính xác nhất)
    --   Best Regards,  Nguyen Hung Vu [aka: NVH] (in Vietnamese: Nguyễn Vũ Hưng, グェン ヒュン ウー, 阮武興)  vuhung16plus{remove}@gmail.dot.com , YIM: vuhung16 , Skype:  vuhung16plus, twitter: vuhung, MSN: vuhung16.  http://www.facebook.com/nguyenvuhung  Nguyễn Vũ Hưng's blog on Free and Open Source:  http://nguyenvuhungvietnam.wordpress.com/  Học tiếng Nhật: http://hoc-tiengnhat.blogspot.com/  Vietnamese LibreOffice: http://libo-vi.blogspot.com/  Mozilla & Firefox tiếng Việt: http://mozilla-vi.blogspot.com/    Disclaimer: When posted to social networking groups include, but not limited Linux Users' Groups,  Free and Open Sources forums, mailing lists, the above is my personal opinion and is *not*  the opinion of my employer(s), associations and/or groups I join.

Dec 21, 2012

CNN Money khẳng định: Tương lai của Web là HTML 5

Một bài báo gần đây của CNN Money khẳng định rằng, HTML5 sẽ là công nghệ thay thế Adobe Flash, Microsoft SilverLight và trở thành chuẩn của Web hay Internet vào năm 2014, bởi Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C).

Thực tế, sự phổ cập của HTML5 có thể diễn ra nhanh hơn thế. Mozilla đã và đang phát triển hệ điều hành "Firefox OS" trên nền HTML5.

Google cũng là một trong những công ty hỗ trợ mạnh mẽ HTML5.

Cố CEO Apple, Steve Jobs không hề có thiện cảm với Flash bởi công năng thấp và chuẩn không mở nó. Điều này được Adobe công nhận vào năm 2011 và có lẽ trong tương lai gần, chúng ta sẽ chứng kiến sự ra đi dần dần của Flash.
 

--
Best Regards,
Nguyen Hung Vu [aka: NVH] (in Vietnamese: Nguyễn Vũ Hưng, グェン ヒュン ウー, 阮武興)
vuhung16plus{remove}@gmail.dot.com , YIM: vuhung16 , Skype: vuhung16plus, twitter: vuhung, MSN: vuhung16.
vuhung's facebook  Nguyễn Vũ Hưng's blog on Free and Open Source, Blog tiếng Nhật, Vietnamese LibreOffice, Mozilla & Firefox tiếng Việt

Disclaimer: When posted to social networking groups include, but not limited to Linux Users' Groups, Free and Open Sources forums, mailing lists, the above is my personal opinion and is *not* the opinion of my employer(s), associations and/or groups I join.

Run an effective meeting

Để chạy một cuộc họp hiệu quả, cần làm gì?

- Có mục đích rõ ràng
- Chi tiết hóa hơn bằng agenda
- Càng ngắn càng tốt
(- Chỉ định người take note)

Running Effective Meetings

Establishing an Objective and Sticking to It



There are good meetings and there are bad meetings. Bad meetings drone on forever, you never seem to get to the point, and you leave wondering why you were even present. Effective ones leave you energized and feeling that you've really accomplished something.

So what makes a meeting effective?

Effective meetings really boil down to three things:

  1. They achieve the meeting's objective.
  2. They take up a minimum amount of time.
  3. They leave participants feeling that a sensible process has been followed.

If you structure your meeting planning, preparation, execution, and follow up around these three basic criteria, the result will be an effective meeting.

1. The Meeting's Objective

An effective meeting serves a useful purpose. This means that in it, you achieve a desired outcome. For a meeting to meet this outcome, or objective, you have to be clear about what it is.

Too often, people call a meeting to discuss something without really considering what a good outcome would be.

  • Do you want a decision?
  • Do you want to generate ideas?
  • Are you getting status reports?
  • Are you communicating something?
  • Are you making plans?

Any of these, and a myriad of others, is an example of a meeting objective. Before you do any meeting planning, you need to focus your objective.

To help you determine what your meeting objective is, complete this sentence:

At the close of the meeting, I want the group to ...

With the end result clearly defined, you can then plan the contents of the meeting, and determine who needs to be present.

2. Use Time Wisely

Time is a precious resource, and no one wants their time wasted. With the amount of time we all spend in meetings, you owe it to yourself and your team to streamline the meeting as much as possible. What's more, time wasted in a meeting is time wasted for everybody attending. For example, if a critical person is 15 minutes late in an eight person meeting, that person has cost the organization two hours of lost activity.

Starting with your meeting objective, everything that happens in the meeting itself should further that objective. If it doesn't, it's superfluous and should not be included.

To ensure you cover only what needs to be covered and you stick to relevant activities, you need to create an agenda. The agenda is what you will refer to in order to keep the meeting running on target and on time.

To prepare an agenda, consider the following factors:

  • Priorities – what absolutely must be covered?
  • Results – what do need to accomplish at the meeting?
  • Participants – who needs to attend the meeting for it to be successful?
  • Sequence – in what order will you cover the topics?
  • Timing – how much time will spend on each topic?
  • Date and Time – when will the meeting take place?
  • Place – where will the meeting take place?

With an idea of what needs to be covered and for how long, you can then look at the information that should be prepared beforehand. What do the participants need to know in order to make the most of the meeting time? And, what role are they expected to perform in the meeting, so that they can do the right preparation?

If it's a meeting to solve a problem, ask the participants to come prepared with a viable solution. If you are discussing an ongoing project, have each participant summarize his or her progress to date and circulate the reports amongst members.

Assigning a particular topic of discussion to various people is another great way to increase involvement and interest. On the agenda, indicate who will lead the discussion or presentation of each item.

Use your agenda as your time guide. When you notice that time is running out for a particular item, consider hurrying the discussion, pushing to a decision, deferring discussion until another time, or assigning it for discussion by a subcommittee.

An important aspect of running effective meetings is insisting that everyone respects the time allotted. Start the meeting on time, do not spend time recapping for latecomers, and, when you can, finish on time. Whatever can be done outside the meeting time should be. This includes circulating reports for people to read beforehand, and assigning smaller group meetings to discuss issues relevant to only certain people.

Download our free agenda template here, and use this as a starting point for creating your own agenda.

3. Satisfying Participants that a Sensible Process Has Been Followed

Once you have an agenda prepared, you need to circulate it to the participants and get their feedback and input. Running a meeting is not a dictatorial role: You have to be participative right from the start.

Perhaps there is something important that a team member has to add. Maybe you have allotted too much, or too little, time for a particular item. There may even be some points you've included that have been settled already and can be taken off the list for discussion.

Whatever the reason, it is important you get feedback from the meeting participants about your proposed agenda.

Once in the meeting, to ensure maximum satisfaction for everyone, there are several things you should keep in mind:

  • If certain people are dominating the conversation, make a point of asking others for their ideas.
  • At the end of each agenda item, quickly summarize what was said, and ask people to confirm that that's a fair summary. Then make notes regarding follow-up.
  • Note items that require further discussion.
  • Watch body language and make adjustments as necessary. Maybe you need a break, or you need to stop someone from speaking too much.
  • Ensure the meeting stays on topic.
  • List all tasks that are generated at the meeting. Make a note of who is assigned to do what, and by when.
  • At the close of the meeting, quickly summarize next steps and inform everyone that you will be sending out a meeting summary.

After the meeting is over, take some time to debrief, and determine what went well and what could have been done better. Evaluate the meeting's effectiveness based on how well you met the objective. This will help you continue to improve your process of running effective meetings.

You may even want to get the participants' feedback as well. Depending on the time frame, this debriefing can be done within the meeting itself or afterward.

Finally, prepare the meeting summary. This will be forwarded to all participants and other stakeholders. It is a record of what was accomplished and who is responsible for what as the team moves forward. This is a very crucial part of effective meetings that often gets overlooked. You need a written record of what transpired, along with a list of actions that named individuals have agreed to perform. Make sure someone is assigned to take notes during the meeting if you think you will be too busy to do so yourself.

Key Points:

Running an effective meeting is more than sending out a notice that your team is to meet at a particular time and place. Effective meetings need structure and order. Without these elements they can go on forever and not accomplish a thing.

With a solid objective in mind, a tight agenda, and a commitment to involving the meeting participants in the planning, preparation, and execution of the meeting, you are well on your way to chairing great meetings.

Given the frustration most people feel when their time is wasted, gaining a reputation for running efficient and successful meetings is good for you and your career.



Tham khảo:
http://www.mindtools.com/CommSkll/RunningMeetings.htm
--   Best Regards,  Nguyen Hung Vu [aka: NVH] (in Vietnamese: Nguyễn Vũ Hưng, グェン ヒュン ウー, 阮武興)  vuhung16plus{remove}@gmail.dot.com , YIM: vuhung16 , Skype:  vuhung16plus, twitter: vuhung, MSN: vuhung16.  http://www.facebook.com/nguyenvuhung  Nguyễn Vũ Hưng's blog on Free and Open Source:  http://nguyenvuhungvietnam.wordpress.com/  Học tiếng Nhật: http://hoc-tiengnhat.blogspot.com/  Vietnamese LibreOffice: http://libo-vi.blogspot.com/  Mozilla & Firefox tiếng Việt: http://mozilla-vi.blogspot.com/    Disclaimer: When posted to social networking groups include, but not limited Linux Users' Groups,  Free and Open Sources forums, mailing lists, the above is my personal opinion and is *not*  the opinion of my employer(s), associations and/or groups I join.

Dec 19, 2012

Overhead Cost (chi phí chung)

Examples include:
- rent,
- gas,
- electricity,
- and wages.

In business, overhead or overhead expense refers to an ongoing expense of operating a business; it is also known as an "operating expense". The term overhead is usually used when grouping expenses that are necessary to the continued functioning of the business but cannot be immediately associated with the products or services being offered (e.g., do not directly generate profits).[1] Closely related accounting concepts are fixed costs and variable costs as well as indirect costs and direct costs.

Overhead expenses are all costs on the income statement except for direct labor, direct materials, and direct expenses. Overhead expenses include accounting fees, advertising, depreciation, insurance, interest, legal fees, rent, repairs, supplies, taxes, telephone bills, travel expenditures, and utilities.[2]
--   Best Regards,  Nguyen Hung Vu [aka: NVH] (in Vietnamese: Nguyễn Vũ Hưng, グェン ヒュン ウー, 阮武興)  vuhung16plus{remove}@gmail.dot.com , YIM: vuhung16 , Skype:  vuhung16plus, twitter: vuhung, MSN: vuhung16.  http://www.facebook.com/nguyenvuhung  Nguyễn Vũ Hưng's blog on Free and Open Source:  http://nguyenvuhungvietnam.wordpress.com/  Học tiếng Nhật: http://hoc-tiengnhat.blogspot.com/  Vietnamese LibreOffice: http://libo-vi.blogspot.com/  Mozilla & Firefox tiếng Việt: http://mozilla-vi.blogspot.com/    Disclaimer: When posted to social networking groups include, but not limited Linux Users' Groups,  Free and Open Sources forums, mailing lists, the above is my personal opinion and is *not*  the opinion of my employer(s), associations and/or groups I join.